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treasure trove
Treasure trove is an amount of money or coin, gold, silver, plate, or bullion found hidden underground or in places such as cellars or attics, where the treasure seems old enough for it to be presumed that the true owner is dead and the heirs undiscoverable. The legal definition of what constitutes treasure trove and its treatment under law vary considerably from country to country, and from era to era.
The term is also often used metaphorically. Collections of articles published as a book are often titled ''Treasure Trove'', as in ''A Treasure Trove of Science''. This was especially fashionable for titles of children's books in the early- and mid-20th century.
==Terminology==
''Treasure trove'', sometimes rendered ''treasure-trove'', literally means "treasure that has been found". The English term ''treasure trove'' was derived from ''tresor trové'', the Anglo-French〔That is, the dialect of French that developed in England following the decline of the Anglo-Norman language.〕 equivalent of the Latin legal term ''thesaurus inventus''. In 15th-century English the Anglo-French term was translated as "treasure found", but from the 16th century it began appearing in its modern form with the French word ''trové'' anglicized as ''trovey'', ''trouve'' or ''trove''.〔.〕 The term ''wealth deposit'' has been proposed as a more accurate alternative.〔.〕
The term ''treasure trove'' is often used metaphorically to mean a "valuable find", and hence a source of treasure, or a reserve or repository of valuable things.〔See, for example, the following news articles: ("An extraordinarily diverse array of marine life has been discovered in the deep, dark waters around Antarctica."); ("A Nasa space probe measuring the oldest light in the Universe has found that cosmic neutrinos made up 10% of matter shortly after the Big Bang. ... Scientists say it is collecting a 'treasure trove' of information about the Universe's age, make-up and fate."); ("The moving story of one of the last survivors of the Titanic can be revealed for the first time after touching letters and documents were discovered after her death.")〕 ''Trove'' is often used alone to refer to the concept, the word having been reanalysed as a noun via folk etymology from an original Anglo-French adjective ''trové'' (cognate to the French past participle ''trouvé'', literally "found").〔.〕 ''Treasure trove'' is therefore akin to similar Anglo-French or Anglo-French-derived legal terms whereby a post-positive adjective in a noun phrase (contrary to standard English syntax) has been reanalysed as a compound noun phrase, as in ''court martial'', ''force majeure'' and ''Princess Royal''. Phrases of this form are often used either with the etymologically correct plural form (for example, "Courts-martial deal with serious offences ...")〔.〕 or as fully rederived plural forms (such as "... ordering court-martials ...").〔.〕 In the case of ''treasure trove'', the typical plural form is almost always ''treasure troves'', with ''treasures trove'' found mostly in historical〔For example, the case of ''Talbot v. Lewis'' (1834) (5 Tyr. 1 at 4 ), 149 ER (1175 ) at 1176, Court of Exchequer Chamber (England). The version of the case in the ''English Reports'' uses ''treasure-trove'' rather than ''treasures-trove''.〕 or literary〔For example, . This example has been considered by some later editors to be one of many errata present in divergent copies of the text; they prefer the singular ''treasure trove'': see .〕 works.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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